Streptococcus Mutans

Deep within the darkest recesses of the mouth, tiny colonies take up residence. In small numbers, no harm is done to the teeth. When their numbers increase, however, their sole purpose is to create havoc on an otherwise healthy mouth. Just what are these tiny beasts that can cause plaque, cavities, and tooth decay? They are known as Streptococci mutans. And when simple defenses such as brushing teeth and flossing regularly are neglected, they can become quite nasty.

Streptococci mutans is a form of bacteria that are normally found in the mouth. As soon as a baby's teeth start growing, these tiny microorganisms are introduced into the mouth with the first bite of food. They then remain there throughout his or her life. In normal quantities, S. mutans are actually beneficial to a person's health. They aid in the body's synthesis of vitamins. The bacteria also help boost a person's immune system by continuously releasing small amounts of antibodies. They also form a first-line defense against invading microbes by attacking them directly within the oral cavity.

Despite all its benefits, s. mutans have a dark side to them. If careful oral hygiene is not practiced on a regular basis, they can become out of control. S. mutans and other bacteria will multiply rapidly in the presence of food, especially sugary ones. They can also grow quickly when the pH of the mouth becomes acidic, as when a person suffers from a prolonged illness.

When the bacteria first begin to grow uncontrollably, the first sign is the buildup of the sticky, yellow substance known as plaque. As the plaque thickens, it causes the mouth to become more acidic. This leads to further bacterial growth. As the numbers of S. mutans increase, they begin to eat away at tooth enamel. This leads to cavities. If left unchecked, tooth decay can occur.

The best defense against the rampant overgrowth of S. mutans is meticulous oral hygiene. Brushing teeth with fluoride toothpaste after every meal removes any food left behind. Fluoride is also very effective at counteracting the damage done by the bacteria. Flossing the teeth regularly is also vital, as this removes any food particles that become caught between the teeth.

Keeping a check on streptococci mutans is important to maintaining a healthy mouth and body. By using good oral hygiene methods, these naturally occurring flora can provide benefits to the body, instead of causing it harm.